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  • INTERVIEWEE: CHARLES J. ZWICK INTERVIEWER: DAVID McCOMB PLACE: National Archives Building, Washington, D.C. Tape 1 of 1 M: First of all, Dr. Zwick, I'd like to know something about your background. Where were you born, when, where did you get your
  • (Tape #1) INTERVIEWER: DOROTHY PIERCE McSWEENY March 5, 1969 M: This interview is with Mr. William Smith White, national political columnist. Today is Wednesday, March 5, 1969, and it's about 11:15 in the morning. We are at his home at 5264 Longhboro Rd
  • in 1961--to make greater use of those restrictions. B: What was the State department's attitude toward the self-help idea? One could imagine a possible conflict of interest there--the State department is trying to keep other nations happy, and you
  • the agencies in the process legislative formation. So when Moyers reestablished the idea in 1964, Kermit Gordon was quite receptive; and instead of being out in hotel rooms in Idlewild Airport as in 1960 hoping the Democratic National Committee would pay
  • in San Antonio. to meet the train; r~aury and Lyndon was on board. and I did. I remember, I was not on that That was the time I went down ~~e all went down to meet Nr. Truman, The State Democratic Executive Committee of which I was a member had had
  • was generally known as the Office of General Counsel. Johnson wanted to know from me if I would like to work for a subcommittee on preparedness of the Naval Affairs Committee of the House, chaired by Carl Vinson of Milledgeville, Georgia. picture
  • and you're down and you're sunk. By and large, if you want to be sure to get across the lake, take the raft. And I remember that again and again. F: Professor Greene, of course, was a Democrat. In terms of the great issues of that day which were being
  • National Youth Administration (U.S.)
  • or legislative policy. We were both Democrats. cloakroom, I recall seeing him in the Democratic sitting beside hiIn at times in the House while issues were under debate. would come up. Maybe in close contact with him when roll call votes I can recall
  • LBJ as a congressman; civil rights as an issue in Virginia; the 1960 Democratic Convention and the selection of LBJ as a candidate for VP; Senator Harry Byrd; JFK as President
  • in this nation, in serving great numbers of people, LBJ Presidential Library http://www.lbjlibrary.org ORAL HISTORY TRANSCRIPT Lyndon B. Johnson Library Oral Histories [NAID 24617781] More on LBJ Library oral histories: http://discoverlbj.org/exhibits/show
  • veto. Then when he became President, he just didn't have the time to take care of the affairs of the nation and the affairs of his feminine wardrobe. F: Then did what you and Mrs. Johnson agree upon usually stand up, or were there a lot of returns
  • Simpson; weddings of Lynda and Luci; International Ladies Garment Union; fashion taste of Lady Bird and Mrs. Jacqueline Kennedy; the Committee for the Acquisition of American Art for the White House; White House social functions; privilege of serving
  • Services Committee. H: No, I don't believe that. Russell. He had a good relationship with Richard Senator Russell was a much colder, much more reserved man. I don't think there was that kind of filial relation between them; I think there was a good
  • of my family, and I had high regard for him although we very often differed on both local and state and national politics. [He] came by my house one evening, and we were discussing the 1948 election, and in effect what he said was that shortly after
  • liberal, I guess. (Laughter) G: Well, in your office, the office that you were working in, who was [there]? You and Billy Lee were there, or you and George Reedy or who? E: Okay, let's see. I was working in the Democratic Policy Committee room, I think
  • want to participate in a walkout. So 1 remained away from it. But I was not appointed United States attorney due to the big patronage fight that was going on. I became Democratic National Convention Committeeman from Mississippi in 1952. Yes, I
  • First meeting with LBJ in Washington, 1935 at Little Congress; closely associated in Democratic convention in 1952 and after; Mississippi vote for LBJ and presidential nomination in 1956; Kennedy-Kefauver race at 1956 convention; Adlai Stevenson
  • a very great admiration for what he has accomplished domestically in the last four years . And this is one of the reasons, this is the principal reason, why I consider myself a Democrat and why I'll vote for the Democratic Party, virtually regardless
  • Foundation Gray Areas program. In the course of looking into the matter, I met Sandy [Sanford] Kravitz and his colleagues, including Executive Director Dave Hackett, at the President's Committee on Juvenile Delinquency. I went to Chicago at PCJD's invitation
  • Action Programs (CAP); Hayes' impression of the President's Committee on Juvenile Delinquency; goals in drafting community action program legislation; Sargent Shriver's opinion of community action; the decision to make public agencies as well as private
  • the early part of 1965 . Is that cor rec t ? O: In addition to that, Doctor , I v1as a l so execu t ive director of the [ Democratic] National Con1nittee . I held two posit i ons at the same time . M: You had been i n Washington beg i nn i ng i n
  • Biographical information; LBJ's relationship with JFK; LBJ's Presidential aspirations; 1960 Democratic Convention; LBJ's relationship with RFK; labor; 1960 campaign; Rayburn; LBJ as VP; access to JFK; Bobby Baker case; Connally-Yarborough conflict
  • don't think he needs any campaign organization in the National Committee . " Walter said, "You just don't know what you're talking about, because we're up here and we know ." I said, "All right . he wants me, I'll be there . " So I came up . If I
  • four or five years until January '69, was deputy director of the Democratic National Committee. He was deputy chairman in charge of minorities and so on. He is about fifty-five years old.He is one of the most intelligent men in the United States.I'd say
  • Oral Histories [NAID 24617781] More on LBJ Library oral histories: http://discoverlbj.org/exhibits/show/loh/oh Wirth -- I -- 3 I first met Steve Mather, the first director of the National Park Service. The director of the National Park Service by act
  • Natural resources and national parks
  • National Park Service, 1928-1964; CCC; New Deal; LBJ State Park; National Capital Planning Commission
  • , to a meeting and •..•. PB: Jake Pickle is the present congressman from this district? HP: Yes. PB: What was that campaign? Was that the Hardy Hollers Campaign? HP: That's correct. PB: In other wordS, Hardy Hollers was trying to be the Democratic
  • National Youth Administration (U.S.)
  • Biographical information; Labor and Public Welfare Committee staff and their areas of expertise; Lister Hill's work as chair of the committee; bipartisanship on the committee; committee response to Great Society legislation, especially relating
  • , 1969 INTERVIEWEE: STEPHEN J. POLLAK INTERVIEWER: THOMAS H. BAKER PLACE: National Archives Building, Washington, D.C. Tape 1 of 1 B: This is an interview with Stephen Pollak, formerly assistant attorney general of the Civil Rights Division
  • Biographical information; Tidelands Act; Old Miss and the James Meredith crisis; early work in anticipation of the Peace Corps; VISTA and poverty program; National Service Program; Sargent Shriver; recollections of day of the JFK assassination; RFK
  • to the University and had no further part in the war until the early spring of 1918 . In 1918, I enlisted in the Texas National Guard, was commissioned a first lieutenant, was on recruiting duty during most of that spring . I helped to organize and recruit three
  • Haley; U.S. position on tariffs in the 1930’s under Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act, and after WWII; 1965 battle to head the Texas Democratic Party delegation to the Convention; LBJ vs. Allan Shivers; LBJ as favorite son candidate for President; Texas
  • to New York to practice law with Dewey, Ballantine, Bushby, Palmer & Wood, a large Wall Street law firm. F: Did it matter that you were a Democrat by persuasion? C: No. As a matter of fact, I wasn't really either a Democrat or a Republican
  • ://discoverlbj.org/exhibits/show/loh/oh 4 National Mediation Board with Dr . William Leiserson, who was one of the outstanding labor mediators and administrators that the government had at this period . M: This was 1943 or so? B: This was 1943, yes
  • was in the legislature. He was chairman of the appropriations committee and was on various other committees in Austin there at the legislature. He represented the Lubbock district and he and I were real good friends. Doyle called me from Austin and told me to meet
  • National Youth Administration (U.S.)
  • make that necessary. M: Then you also contact committees in Congress, too. H: More often they contact us. sometimes. They will let us know of hearing schedules They increasingly ask the Bureau of the Budget itself for views on a particular piece
  • . As a result of which, as I've indicated before, we formed the National Independent Committee for Johnson and Humphrey because of the feeling of many of us that he should be elected president rather than Barry Goldwater. It was surprising to many people
  • this afternoon, as a matter of fact. R: I knew almost all of the staff quite well and most favorably during that period. M: Senator Clark was then throughout that whole period on the Foreign Relations Committee, was he not? R: No, he had not gotten
  • Biographical information; contact with LBJ; liberal clique; Rule 22; LBJ’s knowledge of the world; opinion regarding John Leacacos: Fires in the In-Basket, 1968; operational differences between Bundy and Rostow; White House National Security
  • was invited to serve on one of his advisory committees. F: Well, now, it was just shortly after that grant was announced that you were named as a member of the National Advisory Council to OEO. How did that come about? M: Well, let me see. I remember I
  • Advisory Council; LBJ’s interest in OEO Council and also National Advisory Council on the Education of Disadvantaged Children; initiation of Upward Bound program; John Gardner and the Gardner task force; White House Conference on Education, 1965; HEW
  • in the Senate but not necessarily in the field of civil rights. I don't think his reputation good. As a matter of fact, with the 1960 Democratic Convention, the fight over his nomination for the Presidency was much around--the opposition was to the fact
  • mobilized the nation's sense of loss after Kennedy to press for key legislation that he was interested in, like the civil rights bill of 1964? C: I don't think so. I don't recall any overt effort to accomplish that through that means. I don't think so. G
  • , the Director of Central Intelligence, and his own Special Assistant for National Security Affairs.We talked about all aspects of Viet Nam at those luncheons--military, political economical, psychological--and decisions were taken with those who were carrying
  • Worth? G: Yes. Where [they had] the one-vote margin. That was Fort Worth, wasn't it, Joe? When the [State Democratic] Executive Committee voted to put him on the ballot by one vote, where was that convention held? F: I believe that was Fort Worth
  • ; 1956 and 1960 Democratic Conventions; Walter Jenkins; Goldberg suggesting that LBJ take the oath of office in Dallas from Judge Sarah Hughes after the JFK assassination; appointment to Court of Appeals; Court of Appeals procedures from 1966-1969
  • on the Democratic committee we had to set up after Shivers and his group went off, I called Rayburn in Austin--oh, yes, he was down there and I called him because Bert Andrews had broken,his story about our man from the National Committee who was down there being
  • Committee; Gerry Siegel; LBJ’s staff members; Sam Rayburn; 1956 fight between Shivers and LBJ; Byron Skelton; Mrs. Loyd Bentsen; Mrs. Frankie Randolph; The Lyndon Johnson Story; LBJ had to work for the 1960 campaign; convention politics; H.L. Hunt’s
  • a program for the Appalachian region, and he had appointed a president's committee on Appalachia, or some similar name, which was composed of the governors and representatives of the various agencies of the federal government and in a sense was sort
  • , and Johnson elected to wait. It was at that time that Daley said to the President, "Do you still want me to have the [Democratic National] Convention out here?" And the President said, "Yes, what's the matter, don't you want to have it here?" And Daley said
  • problems at the 1968 Democratic National Convention; LBJ’s actions in regard to Vietnam; Stanton’s 1965 trip to Vietnam; criticism about press coverage of Vietnam; different Presidents’ reactions to press coverage the repeal of the Communications Act
  • because under debate those members who are member s of a committee will be recog­ nized, or tho se who are senior, and I had absolutely no seniority and wasn·· t on the committee. F: You weren 't senior to very many peop l e , were you? P: I wa s senio
  • ' committees. Johnson didn't really know much about them until after the campaign was almost over, and then it started hitting him in the face every time he turned around. Then he started getting into my business. We just didn't work well together, as he
  • Plans for the 1968 campaign; working with LBJ; disagreement during 1960 campaign; 1964 campaign involvement; LBJ and Mike Mansfield; LBJ and the Democratic Party; LBJ and RFK; LBJ’s withdrawal; Theodore White; LBJ and HHH during the 1968 campaign
  • , "It must be a national emergency." Since she did not work in his office, she was just certain the world was collapsing. He had frightened her enough to make her get out and walk up and down Connecticut Avenue looking for me. Well I called him, and I have