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Oral history transcript, Mary Margaret Wiley Valenti, interview 7 (VII), 9/21/1988, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

: Now, how about the Berlin trip? V: If you don't mind, what I'd rather do— End of Tape 1 of 1 and Interview VII 4 LBJ Presidential Library http://www.lbjlibrary.org ORAL HISTORY TRANSCRIPT Lyndon B. Johnson Library Oral Histories [NAID 24617781

Oral history transcript, Charles E. Bohlen, interview 1 (I), 11/20/1968, by Paige E. Mulhollan (Item)

he was Majority Leader. B: Yes, the ' 5 0 ' s when he was Majority Leader; I'm sure that's when I met him. The first time I really was associated with him was in 1961 when President Kennedy called me up and asked me if I would go to Berlin

Oral history transcript, Cecil Stoughton, interview 1 (I), 3/1/1971, by Joe B. Frantz (Item)

." This was in the middle of the week. I said, He said, "We're probing up this real quick trip to the Berlin Wall. LBJ Presidential Library http://www.lbjlibrary.org ORAL HISTORY TRANSCRIPT Lyndon B. Johnson Library Oral Histories [NAID 24617781] More on LBJ Library
as General Clifton’s photographer for industrial and VIP special events; being a White House photographer during the Kennedy administration; August 1961 trip to Berlin Wall with Vice-President Johnson and Y.R. Okamoto’s coverage of the trip; European trip

Oral history transcript, Joseph J. Sisco, interview 2 (II), 9/13/1983, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

Berlin and you've got a West Berlin. There is a modus vivendi as it relates to Berlin. Both sides know that someone unilaterally seeks to upset the status quo in Berlin, that the dangers of a direct confrontation over that issue between the two colossi

Oral history transcript, Joseph M. Barr, interview 1 (I), 6/10/1969, by Paige E. Mulhollan (Item)

to a few things that the President had asked me to do. He was always apologetic that he was asking you to do anything. I think he was one of the ones that thought up the idea of- -remember, he had gone over to Berlin when he was Vice President after
; Berlin Wall issue; Barr as an observer during the 1967 Vietnam elections; Barr's view of the War on Poverty; Model Cities; Head Start; 1964 LBJ campaign visit to Pittsburgh; the March 31, 1968 speech; 1968 Democratic convention; housing issues; 1968

Oral history transcript, Charles K. Boatner, interview 2 (II), 5/21/1969, by Joe B. Frantz (Item)

this was not his role unless he was directed to enter. F: Did you make any of those trips that Kennedy sent him on abroad? B: Made the Berlin trip and the wall trip--the Berlin wall trip. F: Was that improvised, or was it pretty well laid out in advance? B

Oral history transcript, Melvin C. Winters, interview 5 (V), 3/18/1987, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

/loh/oh M. Winters -- V -- 9 G: But what I'm getting at is, to your knowledge, did he ever tell people to vote for Eisenhower? W: Not that I know of, no. I don't ever recall any of that. G: In August of that year, he went to Berlin on a visit

Oral history transcript, George C. McGhee, interview 1 (I), 7/1/1969, by Paige E. Mulhollan (Item)

true among the youth but all segments of the German population. The visit to Berlin, which was climaxed by the speech in the Rathaus Square--the "Ichbinein Berliner." speech--was really one of the most moving demonstrations I've ever seen. The Germans

Oral history transcript, Arthur M. Okun, interview 1 (I), 3/20/1969, by David G. McComb (Item)

service to this orthodox creed . This came up again in July '61, which perhaps was Walter Heller's first very major substantive victory on the fiscal policy front . . There was this Berlin crisis add-on to the Defense. budget at that time, and a great deal

Oral history transcript, Walter Judd, interview 1 (I), 1/17/1989, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

have fits that [George] Shultz or whoever it is has ruined everything. Don't worry. They couldn't ever do anything about Berlin. They put on that Berlin blockade for a whole year but we got the old planes out. We do pretty well when we're in trouble

Oral history transcript, Walter Judd, interview 3 (III), 1/17/89, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

have fits that [George] Shultz or whoever it is has ruined everything. Don't worry. They couldn't ever do anything about Berlin. They put on that Berlin blockade for a whole year but we got the old planes out. We do pretty well when we're in trouble

Oral history transcript, Edward R. Fried, interview 1 (I), 4/22/1969, by Paige E. Mulhollan (Item)

to what had happened in 1961 in the previous Berlin crisis, was not going to act alone, and that if there was a need for a NATO response, and he thought there was, to show a strength in NATO defenses, we had to be sure that the Europeans would do something

Oral history transcript, Walter W. Heller, interview 1 (I), 2/20/1970, by David G. McComb (Item)

was vice president that you recall? H: I don't belfeve so. No, in the sense of projects per se I don't at the moment recall anything. worth recalling. But the 1961 "Berlin Crisis" is perhaps Kennedy faced a fundamental decision as to whether
JFK oral history project; first contact with LBJ; JFK press briefing breakfasts; biographical information; LBJ as VP; SST; 1961 Berlin Crisis; JFK assassination; transition; Eliot Janeway; poverty program; tax cut; Christmas meeting at the Ranch

Oral history transcript, Horace Busby, interview 3 (III), 7/2/1982, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

primary, the Berlin blockade. I don't remember whether the airlift started now; I think the airlift had started a little earlier. I'm speaking of the Berlin airlift. Anyway, it appeared to the public that we were getting awfully close to going to war. We

Oral history transcript, Claiborne Pell, interview 1 (I), 2/27/1969, by Dorothy Pierce (McSweeny) (Item)

. Johnson's foreign policy role was during the John Kennedy Administration? P: I don't think he played much of a role then. M: He did, of course, have a couple of trips to Berlin and Vietnam, and there were several crises, but you feel that as Vice

Oral history transcript, Andrew J. Goodpaster, interview 1 (I), 6/21/1971, by Joe B. Frantz (Item)

which one, but the one that led to the Berlin Wa 11? G: That's on August 13, 1961 . F: Right . G: At that time I was in Europe. I had gone to be the Assistant Division Commander of the 3rd Division and had just received word that I would
Meeting with LBJ; General Parsons; Bryce Harlow; comparison of Presidents; Arthur Larson; Sputnik, briefing during Eisenhower's illness; U-2 and Geneva Summit; missile gap; Dulles; Nixon's TR to South America; LBJ's TR to Berlin Wall as VP; JFK

Oral history transcript, John Chancellor, interview 1 (I), 4/25/1969, by Dorothy Pierce (McSweeny) (Item)

: 1958, excuse me. And others included London, Moscow, Brussels. C: And Berlin. M: And Berlin. In July 1961 you returned to the United States to become host and moderator of the “Today” show, which position you held until 1962. You've also covered

Oral history transcript, Stuart Symington, interview 1 (I), 10/6/1976, by Joe B. Frantz (Item)

: That was the summer of the Berlin airlift. Europe a lot, setting it up. As Secretary I was in It started in June, 1948. F: Magnificent story. S: One time, coming back to this country, I was exhausted. So I called up the office and asked [them] to get me

Oral history transcript, Robert E. Waldron, interview 1 (I), 1/28/1976, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

Oral history transcript, Hugh Sidey, interview 1 (I), 7/22/1971, by Paige E. Mulhollan (Item)

. But it was inexcusable. In any event, I wasn I t. I remember one time he came down. Berlin. It was after he had been to Kennedy had sent him to Berlin. He had done a hell of a good job. M: You didn't go with him? s: No. He was coming through the lobby

Oral history transcript, James J. Hagerty, interview 1 (I), 7/2/1982, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

in the June 17, 1953, uprisings in East Germany--they are sometimes erroneously referred to as the East Berlin uprisings. Actually, as I recall, at the time by count there were some two hundred and thirty-seven separate uprisings all over East Germany

Oral history transcript, Lady Bird Johnson, interview 20 (XX), 2/20/1981-2/21/1981, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

was undersecretary of war for air, and was really the author of--I forget just when this happened, but when Germany, which was divided, and Berlin, right actually in the Russian zone, but it was supposed to be a neutral spot, when we began an air lift to supply

Oral history transcript, George Ball, interview 1 (I), 7/8/1971, by Paige E. Mulhollan (Item)

fairly true. Then, of course, he went on certain missions. He went on the mission to Berlin at the time of the Wall. But it was again in a kind of public relations role rather than a substantive role. M: From the department's point of view, how did he

Oral history transcript, Edwin L. Weisl, Sr., interview 1 (I), 5/13/1969, by Joe B. Frantz (Item)

. Johnson meet Mr. Berlin, the president of the Hearst Corporation, and got him to recommend that the San Antonio Light support Johnson for the Senate in '48, which they did. F: Did you ever meet Coke Stevenson, his opponent? \01: No. F: When it c~e

Oral history transcript, William W. Heath, interview 2 (II), 5/25/1970, by Joe B. Frantz (Item)

is free to go." "Now right across the Baltic on your doorstep, if some man on Christmas Day who lives in East Berlin wants to visit his old mother who lives over in West Berlin, what happens to him when he goes over there? They murder himl He's a slave

Oral history transcript, Theodore Hesburgh, interview 1 (I), 2/1/1971, by Paige E. Mulhollan (Item)

, higher than their place in the population, I believe. President Kennedy said at that time he was very worried about West Berlin, and that he wasn't about to complicate the situation of the Guard if he had to suddenly mobilize and send it to Berlin

Oral history transcript, George E. Reedy, interview 21 (XXI), 1/7/1987, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

. And the press later wrote about it as the Berlin Wall. Of course they were just kidding, but it gave them kind of a problem because they had to go downstairs one flight to get an elevator. You see, this Berlin Wall cut off not only access to his room, it cut off

Oral history transcript, Donald J. Cronin, interview 3 (III), 12/14/1989, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

Cronin -- III -- 15 Tape 1 of 1, Side 2 G: --military expenditures. This was about the time you had the Berlin crisis. Any insights on this issue at the time? C: No, not really. I don't remember much involvement in that. In fact, I don't remember

Oral history transcript, John W. Macy, interview 1 (I), 3/18/1969, by David G. McComb (Item)

, who was our superior, was to become Secretary of the Navy in 1962--Fred Korth--who was a part of that group. Our commander was William H. Tunner, who became well known in military circles as the commander of the Air Force operations at the Berlin

Oral history transcript, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, interview 1 (I), 1/11/1974, by Joe B. Frantz (Item)

to me they were all a success . He made one to Berlin in particular about the time that the wall was built, before your husband went, and was received rather tumultuouslyI know the President then issued a statement a couple of days later � � � � LBJ

Oral history transcript, Henry D. Owen, interview 1 (I), 12/18/1968, by Paige E. Mulhollan (Item)

believe in 1961, to Africa and then to Europe, he asked Mr . Acheson to do a speech on European policy for him and I was then working with Mr . Acheson on some NATO and Berlin studies . Mr . Acheson asked me to prepare the speech, I did, and the Vice

Oral history transcript, William F. Jackson and Lucy Ginter Jackson, interview 1 (I), 6/21/1985, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

Oral history transcript, Lady Bird Johnson, interview 21 (XXI), 8/10/1981-8/11/1981, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

Oral history transcript, Roswell L. Gilpatric, interview 1 (I), 11/2/1982, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

administration, Vietnam was never brought up as a major topic. Berlin and Laos were the principal foreign policy problems. TG: Edward Lansdale, a figure of some repute, was in your office at this time, was he not? 1 LBJ Presidential Library http

Oral history transcript, Horace Busby, interview 7 (VII), 12/21/1988, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

partners told me once both in frustration and admiration that he felt that Morrie has an original perception. He didn't say of something; he said he lives by an original perception, and he does. He loves strategy so he goes to Korea; he goes to Berlin

Oral history transcript, David Dubinsky, interview 1 (I), 5/7/1969, by Paige E. Mulhollan (Item)

of the two delegates that attended that conference, and then General Clay, when he was the administrator of West Berlin, sent a plane for us there to visit. It is only the last twenty years, I would say, probably, that the labor movement became politically

Oral history transcript, Frederick G. Dutton, interview 1 (I), 8/4/1969, by T.H. Baker (Item)

think it a fair thing to say in the psychological context of the time that it was not overriding. In '61 you had the Bay of Pigs, you had the Berlin crisis, you had the National Security buildup, you had the Laotian problem. Vietnam was very

Oral history transcript, Leonard M. Elstad, interview 1 (I), 2/14/1969, by David G. McComb (Item)

it!" I remember in West Berlin I spoke to a group of teachers there. deaf student--our first one from Germany--was in the audience. "this young fellow" was going to come over in the fall. see them shake their heads, "He can't go to college. him say

Oral history transcript, Dan H. Fenn, Jr., interview 1 (I), 7/18/1972, by Paige E. Mulhollan (Item)

when he needed staff people from the administration to accompany him to, say, Vietnam, or to Berlin? F: Yes, he did take one of my staff people on this trip to the Dominican Republic ,for the Juan Bosch inauguration; along on that. Dick Barrett went

Oral history transcript, Cecil Stoughton, interview 2 (II), 3/2/1971, by Joe B. Frantz (Item)

for him to come over, although, as I mentioned earlier, he had made his appearance on the Berlin trip, and, I guess, had indicated to Mr. Valenti that he thought that the Office of the President should be recorded in all of its nuances for history. I

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