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Oral history transcript, Ellsworth Bunker, interview 1 (I), 12/9/1980, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

the political aspect; Westmoreland, the military aspect. [Nguyen Van] Thieu and [Nguyen Cao] Ky were both there; both spoke, Ky at greater length than Thieu because Ky was acting as prime minister. Thieu was head of the council then and Ky the more active

Oral history transcript, Bui Diem, interview 2 (II), 8/14/1986, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

later on, you see, with [Nguyen Cao] Ky, at the end of 1965. Philip Habib came later on at the end of 1965 when Mansfield left by then, and Habib came to replace him, Mansfield. G: How did you come to be named ambassador to the United States? D: Well
of fighting communism; coups against Diem in 1961 and 1963 and the coup of 1964; U.S. awareness of coups and commitment of troops in 1965; Diem's contact with the U.S. Embassy as minister of the prime minister's office; Diem's work under Nguyen Cao Ky in 1965

Oral history transcript, William C. Westmoreland, interview 2 (II), 7/25/1985, by Charles B. MacDonald (Item)

unity of effort, and only after [Nguyen Van] Thieu[Nguyen Cao] Ky took over did we know who was really running the country. Unhappiness and perplexity pervaded the whole country, con- tributing to a lack of cohesiveness. The people viewed Saigon

Oral history transcript, Don Oberdorfer, interview 1 (I), 6/3/1981, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

arrived at Saigon on that first trip, the day I arrived I went to General [Nguyen Cao] remember hotel Ky's Ky had in his quarters a press conference that at Tan Son Nhut . I don't now how it happened, but I guess I got there and got to the and ran
Biographical information; preparation for covering Vietnam; reflections on McNamara; the Caravelle Hotel; recollections of Thich Tri Quang; the Buddhist movement and the Ky government; press policy in Vietnam; opinion of Ky; elections in Vietnam

Oral history transcript, Barry Zorthian, interview 3 (III), 5/26/1982, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

Library oral histories: http://discoverlbj.org/exhibits/show/loh/oh the Vietnamese air force, Nguyen Cao Ky, was going to do the briefing. This was going to be a nice story about joint American-[Vietnamese] air cooperation, a common installation, all

Oral history transcript, Rufus Phillips, interview 2 (II), 5/27/1982, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

://discoverlbj.org/exhibits/show/loh/oh Phillips -- II -- 4 [Ngo Dinh] Diem on down. I saw Diem, I saw Nguyen Dinh Thuan, I saw everybody, and [Ngo Dinh] Nhu. I talked about a kind of a teamwork situation in which we would create a provincial coordinating

Oral history transcript, Douglas Pike, interview 1 (I), 6/4/1981, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

a charismatic leader have succeeded? depends on the psyche of the Vietnamese. It I personally don't think so. I think that Nguyen Cao Ky had all the charisma needed, and all he evoked among the Vietnamese was plots to gang up against him. The Vietnamese
; the intelligence community; Thieu and Ky; self-immolation; the Tet Offensive; the Phoenix program

Oral history transcript, Robert E. Lucey, interview 1 (I), 10/19/1968, by Dorothy Pierce (McSweeny) (Item)

-presidential candidate was a Buddhist, Nguyen Cao Ky. In the election booths, everything seemed to be in order. There was very little talking and the voters seemed to meet with no difficulty whatever. Election officials were available for those who wanted
; Archbishop Binh; Angelo Palmas; Nguyen Van Thieu, Nguyen Cao Ky; Latin American ambassadors meet in San Antonio; St. Francis Xavier parish in Stonewall; the Committee for Peace in Vietnam; assessment of LBJ and CTJ.

Oral history transcript, William R. Desobry, interview 1 (I), 2/14/1983, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

to a meeting in their capital--I'm trying to think of what the name of the capital was; I can look it up on the map here. I went to this meeting with [Nguyen Van] Thieu and [Nguyen Cao] Ky, and at that time Ky was number one and Thieu was supposedly number two
of its citizens; Nguyen Van Thieu and Nguyen Cao Ky's leadership; which areas were under Viet Cong control; pacification activities such as digging wells and setting up schools; State Department involvement in providing services to small Vietnamese towns

Oral history transcript, Edward G. Lansdale, interview 2 (II), 9/15/1981, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

leadership. I was working with him and so on and he would encourage me to go on and work with them. One of them, I had Trinh Minh The and, oh, I forget the Cao Dai [inaudible]. But they were in town, and I was trying to tell them to break up a liaison

Oral history transcript, David E. Lilienthal, interview 1 (I), 6/18/1969, by T.H. Baker (Item)

or President of the Council, General Ky, a communique was issued calling for a joint study of postwar development. Before that meeting in Manila and before the communique, I had had discussions with the Johnson staff-B: May I ask who would this have been? L
for a post-war development plan for South Vietnam; Lilienthal's skepticism on Vietnam quelled; effect of pacification programs; advising JFK on foreign aid; William Fulbright; Walt Rostow; James Rowe; HHH; RFK; Adlai Stevenson; Eleanor Roosevelt; Nguyen Cao

Oral history transcript, James R. Jones, interview 4 (IV), 1/28/1985, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

for himself, but the right decision for our country, for what they were doing in Vietnam. He was aware of that; he was aware of the need to inform them. But I suspect that's the reason why. G: Now, do you recall President [Nguyen Van] Thieu's reaction
Democratic convention; LBJ’s relationships with Nguyen Cao Ky and Nguyen Van Thieu; LBJ’s 1969 farewell address to Congress; the Fortas/Thornberry Supreme Court incident; LBJ farewell get-together at the White House; LBJ’s problem with TV appearances; Robert

Oral history transcript, Ellsworth Bunker, interview 2 (II), 12/12/1980, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

, siding, timber, [that] sort of thing, to rebuild their own houses and did in a very big way and in a relatively short period of time. We did set up a joint US-GVN team which was headed up for a while by [Nguyen Cao] Ky to get on with the pacification job

Oral history transcript, Elbridge Durbrow, interview 1 (I), 6/3/1981, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

[NAID 24617781] More on LBJ Library oral histories: http://discoverlbj.org/exhibits/show/loh/oh Durbrow -- I -- 26 have shot it all at Diem and knocked him all up, but they stayed loyal to Diem and [Nguyen Van] Thieu and [Nguyen Cao] Ky and the rest

Oral history transcript, William J. Jorden, interview 3 (III), 8/13/1985, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

. spokesman. At least, he was Then he was [Nguyen Cao] Ky's He was very close to Ky. G: Sounds like he had a talent for survival, too. J: Oh, yes. He was one of the smartest people I ever knew. was in the embassy here and was spokesman for the embassy

Oral history transcript, Joseph A. Califano, interview 19 (XIX), 1/27/1988, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

I want to ask you about in connection with the [Mike] Mansfield memo and that was a statement by General [Nguyen Cao] Ky that the U.S. should do the fighting on the perimeter where the South Vietnamese army would fight or do more organizing in rear

Oral history transcript, George Jacobson, interview 1 (I), 10/29/1985, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

and problems along the line, and there really wasn't any stability in the government from then until Nguyen Van Thieu and General [Nguyen Cao] Ky came into the government. But these three generals had a great opportunity, and they fluffed it. Everybody's got

Oral history transcript, Murrey Marder, interview 1 (I), 5/25/1982, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

administrative officials; LBJ's interest in developing the economic resources of Southeast Asia; LBJ not understanding Vietnamese history and culture; Nguyen Cao Ky using LBJ's speech transcripts to write his own speeches; the conflict between theoretical war

Oral history transcript, Barry Zorthian, interview 4 (IV), 5/27/1982, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

24617781] More on LBJ Library oral histories: http://discoverlbj.org/exhibits/show/loh/oh think you gave me some examples of [Nguyen] Khanh and [Nguyen Cao] Ky and so forth, so we can skip that. What kind of guidance existed for the individual not high

Oral history transcript, Frank McCulloch, interview 2 (II), 8/15/1985, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

hamlets program; Nguyen Khan; division among Catholic and Buddhist Vietnamese; Vietnamese view of government; Dr. Phan Huy Quat.

Oral history transcript, Keyes Beech, interview 1 (I), 3/22/1983, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

in the towel, so he did something, and to his great surprise, there was one battalion that was loyal to them, and they went up and beat the hell out of the Binh Xuyen. During that whole thing, why, a Cao Dai general--that was one of the religious sects

Oral history transcript, Sid Davis, interview 5 (V), 11/28/1990, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

like a kidney stone, but it went away. I'll try to make this fast as I can. We went to Guam with the President to meet with President [Nguyen Van] Thieu and [Nguyen Cao] Ky in 1967. It was a summit conference. The war wasn't going well. The President

Oral history transcript, Daniel O. Graham, interview 2 (II), 11/8/1982, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

-- 16 [Nguyen VanJ Thieu." And in fact he wouldn't talk to anybody until he'd talked to Thieu, and then he talked to us. He said that one of the reasons he defected was because Hanoi had told him that within all of the villages down in III Corps

Oral history transcript, William J. Connell, interview 1 (I), 3/18/1985, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

Oral history transcript, Phillip B. Davidson, interview 2 (II), 6/30/1982, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

sense. That was why it was rejected. I remember it very well. He was working in the most nebulous of areas. I don't think anybody, and this includes everybody from [Va Nguyen] Giap on down, had any idea, within 50 per cent, of the true strength

Oral history transcript, George McArthur, interview 1 (I), 10/31/1985, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

cleaned up their act. Nguyen Cao Ky had been involved, for example, in my opinion--getting proof is impossible. He had been involved in the old opium trade; he'd smoked opium himself. He'd been around opium all of his life. He didn't see it as a threat

Oral history transcript, Jake Jacobsen, interview 4 (IV), 3/28/1988, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

have been going to meet those two leaders of South Vietnam. G: [Nguyen Van] Thieu and [Nguyen Cao] Ky. J: Yes, we might have been going to Hawaii to meet them, or somewhere. And McNamara showed us a secret film from Red China, I think, showing

Oral history transcript, Ellsworth Bunker, interview 3 (III), 10/12/1983, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

Appointment as ambassador by LBJ; Guam Conference, 1967; impressions of Nguyen Van Thieu and Nguyen Cao Ky; Vietnam's presidential election campaign in 1967; religious factions; advice to Thieu; recommendation for U.S. to close Viet Cong's use

Oral history transcript, Samuel T. Williams, interview 1 (I), 3/2/1981, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

of Vietnam. Big Minh and I vJere very close. I asked him one time, "Hhat was your relation with Vice President [Nguyen Ngoc] Tho?'1 "Where?'1 He said, "We were in prison together." He said,,"Right here. was terrible. I said, The French had us in prison
sects; Foreign Legion; French evacuation; President Diem; Nguyen Van Thieu; Nguyen Cao Ky; land reform; relocation; highlands; borders with Cambodia and Laos; hot pursuit; Montagnards; Vietnamese officers and military organizations; Civil Guard; Self

Oral history transcript, Barry Zorthian, interview 1 (I), 5/6/1969, by Paige E. Mulhollan (Item)

--but many elements of the press said, "Ky will never give up office. u Well, he's [Nguyen Cao Ky] given up office. "The Vietnamese will never LBJ Presidential Library http://www.lbjlibrary.org ORAL HISTORY TRANSCRIPT Lyndon B. Johnson Library Oral

Oral history transcript, Keyes Beech, interview 2 (II), 5/30/1983, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

Khoi ; I can mention his name now that he's dead- G: K-H-O-I? B: Yes, Khoi . advisers . You've heard his name . He was much smarter . He was one of [Nguyen Cao] Ky's Khoi was a good man, an intriguer like all Vietnamese, but a good man

Oral history transcript, Bruce Palmer, interview 2 (II), 11/9/1982, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

to replace him as secretary of defense. G: I hadn't heard that story. Do you remember the details of what Bunker told you? P: He had told me that as early as March 1967 at the Guam conference, when our President met with President Thieu and [Nguyen Cao

Oral history transcript, Earle Wheeler, interview 2 (II), 5/7/1970, by Dorothy Pierce (McSweeny) (Item)

[Nguyen Van] Thieu, and with Vice President [Nguyen Cao] Ky. Now, the situation I found was this: it being Tet, a substantial number of the South Vietnamese units were only at half strength, because, follm'ling the Vietnamese tradition, they had returned

Oral history transcript, John Bartlow Martin, interview 1 (I), 1/30/1971, by Paige E. Mulhollan (Item)

Oral history transcript, Ben Wattenberg, interview 1 (I), 11/23/1968, by T.H. Baker (Item)

Oral history transcript, Frank McCulloch, interview 1 (I), 5/13/1980, by Michael L. Gillette (Item)

been. By the time [Nguyen] Khanh was in office, we were already paying a severe price • for having helped them in the removal of Diem. The last thing that we could tolerate or stand in Vietnam was more turnover, more more chaos. So what
Biographical information; reporting from Vietnam; press in the advisory war; Diem regime; correspondents’ activities; networks of sources and information; view of Vietnam; Buddhist-Catholic strife; Hoa My; rural-urban dichotomy; factions; Nguyen

Oral history transcript, Robert Komer, interview 2 (II), 8/18/1970, by Joe B. Frantz (Item)

“pacification”; comparison of Ky and Thieu; differentiating between ambassadors in Vietnam; working with General William Westmoreland; Bill Moyers; problems with being the only full-time high-ranking government official workingon the Vietnam situation; who

Oral history transcript, Robert Komer, interview 3 (III), 11/15/1971, by Paige E. Mulhollan (Item)

Oral history transcript, Stanley Karnow, interview 1 (I), 4/30/1984, by Ted Gittinger (Item)

Oral history transcript, George E. Christian, interview 4 (IV), 6/30/1970, by Joe B. Frantz (Item)

i t 's the same t v pe of thing- a big deba t e ai t e r the i~o rc. ·rie cnamese agreed to come .: o che conierence cao le :.. ::he "PrLng J8 . .;oncroverv ..,r se 0ver ·mere thev were le had re c orrnnenc ea :wo or th r ee pl They want ed

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